Environment Control – Command Description
cd d — Change to directory d
mkdir d — Create new directory d
rmdir d — Remove directory d
mv f1 [f2…] d — Move file f to directory d
mv d1 d2 — Rename directory d1 as d2
passwd — Change password
alias name1 name2 — Create command alias
unalias name1 — Remove command alias name1
rlogin nd — Login to remote node
logout — End terminal session
setenv name v — Set env var to value v
unsetenv name1 name2…] — remove environment variable
Output, Communication, & Help — Command Description
lpr ñP printer f — Output file f to line printer
script [f] — Save terminal session to f
exit — Stop saving terminal session
mail username — Send mail to user
biff [y/n] — Instant notification of mail
man name — UNIX manual entry for name
learn — Online tutorial
Process Control Command — Description
Ctrl/c * — Interrupt processes
Ctrl/s * — Stop screen scrolling
Ctrl/q * — Resume screen output
sleep n — Sleep for n seconds
jobs — Print list of jobs
kill [%n] — Kill job n
ps — Print process status stats
kill -9 n — Remove process n
Ctrl/z * — Suspend current process
stop %n — Suspend background job n
command& Run — command in background
bg [%n] — Resume background job n
fg [%n] — Resume foreground job n
exit — Exit from shell
Environment Status Command — Description
ls [d] [f…] — List files in directory
ls -1 [f…] — List files in detail
alias [name] — Display command aliases
printenv [name] — Print environment values
quota Display — disk quota
date — Print date & time
who — List logged in users
whoami — Display current user
finger [username] — Output user information
chfn — Change finger information
pwd — Print working directory
history — Display recent commands
! n — Submit recent command n
File Manipulation Command — Description
vi [f] — Vi fullscreen editor
emacs [f] — Emacs fullscreen editor
ed [f] — Text editor
wc f — Line, word, & char count
cat f — List contents of file
more f — List file contents by screen
cat f1 f2 > f3 — Concatenates f1 & f2 into f3
chmod mode f — Change protection mode of f
cmp f1 f2 — Compare two files
cp f1 f2 — Copy file f1 into f2
sort f — Alphabetically sort f
split [-n] f – Split f into n-line pieces
mv f1 f2 — Rename file f1 as f2
rm f — Delete (remove) file f
grep ëptní f — Outputs lines that match ptn
diff f1 f2 — Lists file differences
head f — Output beginning of f
tail f — Output end of f
Compiler Command — Description
cc [-o f1] f2 — C compiler
lint f — Check C code for errors
f77 [-o f1] f2 — Fortran77 compiler
pc [-o f1] f2 — Pascal compiler